Burn Injury

Pathophysiology

Tissue destruction results from coagulation, protein denaturation, or ionization of cellular contents.

skin and the mucosa of the upper airways are the sites of tissue destruction

Disruption of the skin can lead to increased fluid loss, infection, hypothermia, scarring, compromised immunity, and changes in function, appearance, and body image.

Burns that do not exceed 25% TBSA produce a primarily local response. Burns that exceed 25% TBSA may produce both a local and a systemic response.

 

TYPES OF BURNS

- Thermal

Exposure to flame or a hot object (i.e. hot water)

- Chemical

Exposure to acid, alkali or organic substances

- Electrical

Result from the conversion of electrical energy into heat.  Extent of injury depends on the type of current, the pathway of flow, local tissue resistance, and duration of contact

Radiation

Result from radiant energy being transferred to the body resulting in production of

cellular toxins